Definition: Several fossils grouped together or considered as a whole in specific areas orpositions.組合zǔ hé特定地區(qū)特定層位中發(fā)現(xiàn)的所有化石的聯(lián)合,不一定具有生態(tài)含義。Origin:Circa 1704,from French assemblage“gathering,assemblage,”from assembler.Example:These chan...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definiton:A group of organisms (plants and animals)that live together in a certaingeographical region and constitute a community with a few dominant species.群集qún jí特定環(huán)境下生活在一起的生物聯(lián)合,暫時(shí)不清楚其時(shí)空分布范圍。Origin:1530s,“action of coming together,”...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition:Background extinction,also known as “normal extinction”,refers to theextinction in earth’s geological and biological history before humans became a primarycontributor to extinctions.背景滅絕bèi jǐng miè jué指地質(zhì)生物歷程中生物由于自身的原因在正常環(huán)境狀況...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition: Bergmann’s rule is an ecogeographic rule that correlates latitude with body massin animals.貝格曼法則bèi gé màn fǎ zé恒溫動(dòng)物在寒冷地區(qū)體型趨向于增大,在溫暖地區(qū)則趨向于變小,因?yàn)殡S著個(gè)體增大,相對(duì)體表面積變小,其單位體重的散熱量隨...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition: The level of taxonomic study dealing with the arrangement of species into highertaxa. β分類學(xué)β fēn lèi xué將物種配置安排到更高的分類階元,建立分類系統(tǒng)。...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition: The scientific naming of species whereby each species receives a Latin orLatinized name of two parts,the first indicating the genus and the second being the specificepithet.雙名法shuāng míng fǎ 物種的正式名稱必須由兩個(gè)拉丁詞構(gòu)成,屬名在前,種名在后,后面還常常...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition:Biodisturbation is a method of tracking where compounds of interest travel in anexperimental animal or human subject.生物擾動(dòng)shēng wù rǎo dòng生物在沉積物中的強(qiáng)烈攪動(dòng)。...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition:Biogenetic law,in biology,a law stating that the earlier stages of embryos ofspecies advanced in the evolutionary process,such as humans,resemble the embryos of ancestralspecies,such as fish.生物發(fā)生律shēng wù fā shēng lǜ亦稱重演律,認(rèn)為生物個(gè)體發(fā)育是其所在類群系...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition:The total mass of living matter in a given unit area.生物量shēng wù liàng在某一特定時(shí)間內(nèi),單位面積或體積內(nèi)所含的生物個(gè)體總量,或其總重量。Origin:Circa 1980,from bio-+mass.Example:That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield tha...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Definition:Major ecological community:a division of the world’s vegetation thatcorresponds to a defined climate and is characterized by specific types of plants and animals,e.g. tropical rain forest or desert. The world’s lakes and oceans may also be cons...[繼續(xù)閱讀]