統(tǒng)計質(zhì)量控制的經(jīng)濟性分析和判異準(zhǔn)則

摘要： 現(xiàn)有控制圖界限優(yōu)化理論成果存在未考慮第二類判異準(zhǔn)則對第Ⅱ種錯誤概率的重大影響、費用損失的計算內(nèi)容不夠清楚,以及欠缺對相關(guān)費用變化規(guī)律及其最小化均衡點的客觀性和唯一性論證或論述等局限性。對此,本文揭示兩種錯誤概率及其費用對控制圖界限幅度的變化規(guī)律和適用最小費用均衡分析的特征,得出考慮兩類判異準(zhǔn)則等影響因素的控制圖界限幅度的正反兩類相關(guān)費用的計算公式,以及采用最小費用均衡原理確定經(jīng)濟控制界限的均衡模型和有關(guān)實證研究及其應(yīng)用的思路。結(jié)果能較客觀而完整地反映綜合決定控制圖經(jīng)濟界限幅度的各類因素內(nèi)在聯(lián)系及其均衡。最后,探討合理界定第二類判異準(zhǔn)則的小概率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和點子數(shù)目上限等問題,認為應(yīng)是符合具體產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)檢驗特點、隨機性等于經(jīng)濟虛警概率的各類小概率排列事件。
Current optimized theory of control chart limits has all sorts of limitations.In view of this insufficiency,this thesis analyzes two kinds of probability of error existing in statistical quality control and the variation about the cost against the scope of the control chart limits.It proposes the general formula of two related costs,and the balanced model and mentality of applying the minimum cost equilibrium principle to determine the economic scope.The results of analysis indicate that the minimum-cost balanced model can objectively define economical control boundary.And the article investigates the small probability of reasonably defining the second category of difference determinant criteria,the maximum number of ideas and other issues,and advocates that its scope should be small ordered probability events with the specific characteristics of production processes,and in line with randomness equaling the probability of economy false alarm.