GDP核算中自有住房服務(wù)虛擬計算的中日比較

摘要： 對居民自有住房服務(wù)進行的虛擬住房租金的估算通常是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值核算中金額最大的虛擬計算。本文介紹了日本和中國GDP核算中對虛擬住房租金的估算方法及其修訂變遷,并對兩個國家的相關(guān)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)進行了詳細的比較。比較結(jié)果顯示,第一次經(jīng)濟普查前中國的居民自有住房服務(wù)被嚴重低估,即使現(xiàn)在也仍然有很大低估的可能性。而日本現(xiàn)行的分地區(qū)的核算方法,也許會為中國今后改進虛擬住房租金估算方法提供借鑒。
Imputation is a unique concept important in national accounts,and also a controversial one. For owneroccupied dwellings,the rent charged to accounts is considered to be paid just like in the case of rental dwellings. This way of recording is called imputed rents,and it is the largest imputation for GDP. Imputed rent is recorded on both sides of the output of the real estate,on the production side,and the household final consumption expenditure on the expenditure side.This paper describes the historical background and the estimation methods of imputed rents in Japan and China. The paper also makes a detailed comparison of the two countries on relevant statistics. The comparison shows that there is high possibility that China's imputed rents had been seriously underestimated by 2005,and compared to Japan are still being underestimated now.