考慮技術(shù)進(jìn)步偏向性的全要素生產(chǎn)率分解及其演變——來自1992～2009年中國省際面板數(shù)據(jù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)依據(jù)

摘要： 基于1992~2009年中國省際面板數(shù)據(jù),采用非參數(shù)DEA方法測(cè)算了28個(gè)省份的全要素生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)并考察其地區(qū)差異與變化根源。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步將技術(shù)進(jìn)步分解為投入偏向型技術(shù)進(jìn)步與中性技術(shù)進(jìn)步,重點(diǎn)分析了偏向型技術(shù)進(jìn)步對(duì)我國各省份全要素生產(chǎn)率的作用機(jī)制。結(jié)果表明:樣本期內(nèi),我國全要素生產(chǎn)率實(shí)現(xiàn)了年均2.37%與累計(jì)41.25%的增長,并主要依靠技術(shù)進(jìn)步來推動(dòng);中性技術(shù)進(jìn)步是我國技術(shù)進(jìn)步的主要表現(xiàn)形式,偏向型技術(shù)進(jìn)步總體上對(duì)我國全要素生產(chǎn)率提升起到促進(jìn)作用,但是力度在逐漸減弱。為了推動(dòng)全要素生產(chǎn)率持續(xù)增長,各省份一方面必須要同時(shí)重視技術(shù)進(jìn)步與技術(shù)效率的提高,另一方面應(yīng)根據(jù)自身的資源稟賦與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行適宜的技術(shù)選擇。
This paper uses data envelopment analysis to measure the total factor productivity indexes of Chinese 28 provinces based on the provincial data over 1992 ~ 2009,and investigates the regional differences and changing reason. Subsequently, it further divides technological change into input-based technology and neutral technology,and analyzes the influencing mechanism of input-biased technological change on the total factor productivity of Chinese provinces. The results show that Chinese total factor productivity has reached 2. 37% average growth rate and 41. 25% cumulative growth promoted by technological change from 1992 to 2009. Neutral technological change is the main form of Chinese technological change. Inputbiased technological change has a positive effect on improving Chinese overall total factor productivity,but the strength is gradually weakened. In order to promote sustained growth of total factor productivity,on the one hand,Chiness provinces must place the same emphasis on the technological progress and the improvement of technical efficiency,on the other hand, each province should choose appropriate technology based on the characteristic of its resource endowment and industrial structure.