中國木制品企業(yè)的出口效應與全要素生產率——兼論中國制造業(yè)出口企業(yè)的“生產率悖論”

摘要： 基于1998年至2007年中國木制品企業(yè)層面數據,本文利用多種全要素生產率估計方法和計量經濟學面板數據模型,從差異比較和效應驗證兩個方面對出口與生產率之間的關系進行了分析。分析結果表明:由于存在著顯著的出口自選擇效應,所以不同估計方法的結果都顯示出口企業(yè)的全要素生產率普遍高于非出口企業(yè),在木制品業(yè)中不存在所謂的"生產率悖論";木制品業(yè)中內銷企業(yè)的生產率增長快于出口企業(yè),出口企業(yè)存在的"惰性"和"慣性",而內銷企業(yè)存在的"競爭效應""老鷹效應"和"干中學"效應,可能是導致了這種生產率增長差異的重要原因。
Based on the data from China's wood processing enterprises during 1998 to 2007,and using different estimation methods of total factor productivity and panel data model,the relationship between exporting and productivity has been analyzed from the view of comparative analysis and empirical test. The research results show that exporting enterprises have higher productivity estimated by different methods than non-exporting enterprises with the main reasons for self-selection effects of exporting enterprises,so there is no the so-called "Productivity Paradox"in China's wood processing industry; the total factor productivity of exporting enterprises grows faster than that of non-exporting enterprises. The probable reasons are that there is"lazy"effects and"inertia"effects in the exporting enterprises while there is"competition effects","eagle effects"and"learning by doing effects"in the non-exporting enterprises.